來源：博威鋁壓鑄 欄目：鋁合金壓鑄加工生產(chǎn)

常見壓鑄模具生產(chǎn)問題及分析
The common production problem and analysis of die-casting moulds

壓鑄過程中金屬液往外濺(跑鋁)產(chǎn)生原因 The cause reason of molten metal splash when die casting.

1. 定模間合模不嚴(yán)密，間隙較大 Cover halves close imprecisely, and have big gap.  
2. 鎖模力不夠 The mould clamming force is not enough.
3. 壓鑄機(jī)動，定模安裝板不平行 The die casting machine is  flexible ,and the mounting plate of cover half（fixed die） is not parallel.
4. 支板跨度大，壓射力致使套板變形，產(chǎn)生噴料。Support span（跨度） is large, and the injection pressure（force） bring about the cleading（保熱套（汽鍋的）；護(hù)罩；護(hù)壁板（隧道的））deformation , engendering（使產(chǎn)生；）產(chǎn)生molten metal spouting（噴射） .

調(diào)整方法 method of adjustment
1.重新安裝模具 reinstall the mould
2.加大鎖模力 increase the mould clamming force
3.調(diào)整壓鑄機(jī)，使動、定模安裝板相互保持平行 adjust the die-casting machine, ensure the mounting plate of fixed die（cover half） and  moving die maintain mutual（共同的；相互的，彼此的） parallel。
4.在動模上增加支板，增加套板的剛度。Add support plate on the movable mould ， increase the stiffiness（硬、剛度，rigidity，hardness） of the cleading

影響壓射頭（壓力噴嘴）使用壽命的因素，主要因素有：The factors influencing the working life of the pressure nozzle（噴嘴；管口；鼻） jet ,main factors :   

1.壓射頭（噴嘴）本身的材料、質(zhì)量；The material and quality of the nozzle jet
2.壓射頭與壓射料筒之間的配合間隙；The fit clearance of the press charging（爐料；裝料） barrel and jet nozzle
3.模具安裝時(shí)與壓射料筒的同心度；The concentricity of the mould and press charging barrel while installing
4.冷卻問題；cooling problem
5.選用優(yōu)質(zhì)壓射頭潤滑油等。Select and use the superior nozzle jet lube(lubrication) etc.

缺陷名：產(chǎn)品表面起皺  Defect name : surface wrinkling of the product

（一）癥狀：產(chǎn)品表面形成的不規(guī)則褶皺，主要出現(xiàn)在壁較薄的前段部分，如所示。

 (1)Symptom: The irregular folds（皺褶；折痕）  emerging  on the surface of product ,mainly appearing the thinner wall ,as show :

可以看到射出的細(xì)小鋁顆粒和褶皺。Can see the small aluminium granule

原因：由于吸入了脫模劑和壓縮空氣，被封閉在前段的氣壓較高，把產(chǎn)品表面頂起而導(dǎo)致這一現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生

Reason: owing to indrawing the release agent or compressed air,air preasure being sealed up in the forepart is high then jack up the surface of the product and result in this phenomenon  

解決方案：排氣徹底，清除多余的脫模劑。調(diào)整高速高壓區(qū)的位置以防止溶液降溫 

solution :exhaust thoroughgoing,eliminate the extra mold lubricant ,adjust the position of the high speed ,high preasure to prevent the melton metal cooling down  

缺陷名defect name ：起皺（二）wrinkle(2)

癥狀：鑲件附近的圓柱狀部分，表面的皮膜出現(xiàn)起皺現(xiàn)象起皺的表面部分，根據(jù)發(fā)生狀態(tài)有差異。

Symptom: the cylinder part around the insert ,the surface membrana demalis appearing crumpling up ,it is different according to the occuring condition

在靠近鑲件的拐角處，出現(xiàn)與鑲件平行的褶皺。在離拐角稍遠(yuǎn)處，表面皮膜起皺部分有細(xì)小的鋁顆粒聚集，呈粉末狀附著在表面起皺的斷面可以觀察到起皺導(dǎo)致的凹凸，細(xì)小的鋁顆粒被壓碎后嵌入褶皺里。
 Near the corner of the insert ,appearing the parellel wrinkle with the insert .a little far away from the corner .the surface membrana demalis can see the aluminium granule gathered ,appearing in power attached to the surface cut can see the concave-convex , the wee aluminium granule inbedding into the wrinkle after crushed

原因：在模具溫度低時(shí)進(jìn)行鑄造容易b發(fā)生此現(xiàn)象。鋁液在流道流淌時(shí)前鋒冷卻，形成 氧化皮膜，在距離澆口較遠(yuǎn)的突起部分凝固，由于壓力增大在表面形成褶皺。

Reason: when die casting with the low temperature of the mould is easy to occur this ,the molten aluminum flowing in the passageway the forepart cooled and form oxide membrana demalis ,then occur solidification at the tuber fruther as due to the high pressure appearing wrinkle on the surface .

解決方案：對模具進(jìn)行預(yù)熱，在設(shè)定的溫度條件下進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)是很重要的，將模具溫度設(shè)定在適當(dāng)?shù)姆秶?/h3> Solution :preheat of the mould and produce under the setted temperature ,should control the temperature of the mold in aopportune scope .

換導(dǎo)柱以及導(dǎo)套時(shí)一定要注意尺寸變化，尤其是長時(shí)間使用但是沒有回火或者測量的模具，一定要檢查模具的尺寸，包括模板平行度、孔直線度、孔內(nèi)外徑是否變化。一般情況下基準(zhǔn)尺寸會變化。Exchange the guide pillar or guide sleeve should notice the change in the size ,especially the mould that is used for a long time without tempering or measured including the mould plate parallel, straightness ,change of internal and external diameter.Nomaly the reference dimention will exchange .

鋅壓鑄件毛坯看不到麻點(diǎn)，電鍍前拋光就出現(xiàn)麻點(diǎn)，這是怎么回事？這是鋅壓鑄件最易出現(xiàn)的問題之一。

Zink die pressed casting blank is no hard spot ,but when polish before electroplating the hard spot occur. What’s up ?

要注意 notice ：

1.原材料的質(zhì)量（純凈度）；the quality of the material (degree of purity)
2.熔化時(shí)的精煉除氣除渣；rifine to degassing and deslagging when melting .
3.壓鑄時(shí)速度、壓力 的調(diào)整（特別是皮下氣孔等缺陷）；adjust the speed and pressure when die-casting
4.拋光時(shí)摩擦 的壓力和溫度不要太高。The pressure and temperature of the friction can not be too high .

中國壓鑄企業(yè)主要集中在長三角、珠三角、京津唐、東北重慶西安等西部、東北等地區(qū)。

在生產(chǎn)汽車配件一樣殼體時(shí)抽芯處老是出現(xiàn)凹槽請問下有些什么原因？

1.澆注系統(tǒng)、排溢系統(tǒng)開設(shè)問題；gating system ,ejecting system
2.壓鑄工藝參數(shù)選擇問題；die-casting technological parameters choosing problem
3.原材料質(zhì)量等。The material quality problem